3D Printing MM to Inches Conversion

Complete unit conversion guide for 3D printing, STL files, Fusion 360, Blender, and digital modeling. Fix model scaling issues, calculate tolerances, and optimize your prints.

🔢 3D Model Scale Calculator

Calculate the perfect scale factor for resizing your 3D models. Essential for fixing STL file size issues.

🔩 3D Printing Screw Hole Sizes

Optimized screw hole dimensions for FDM printing. Add +0.2mm for clearance holes to compensate for printing tolerance.

M2 Screw Hole

Small models, drones, RC cars

Nominal:2 mm = 0.0787"
Clearance (FDM):2.2 mm = 0.0866"
Self-tapping:1.6 mm = 0.063"
Heat-set insert:3.2 mm = 0.126"

M3 Screw Hole

Most common, electronics enclosures

Nominal:3 mm = 0.118"
Clearance (FDM):3.2 mm = 0.126"
Self-tapping:2.8 mm = 0.11"
Heat-set insert:4.4 mm = 0.173"

M4 Screw Hole

Medium structural parts

Nominal:4 mm = 0.157"
Clearance (FDM):4.3 mm = 0.169"
Self-tapping:3.6 mm = 0.142"
Heat-set insert:5.6 mm = 0.22"

M5 Screw Hole

Heavy structural connections

Nominal:5 mm = 0.197"
Clearance (FDM):5.3 mm = 0.209"
Self-tapping:4.5 mm = 0.177"
Heat-set insert:6.7 mm = 0.264"

💡 Tip: For PLA, add +0.2mm to clearance holes. For ABS, add +0.3mm due to higher shrinkage. Always print a test piece with multiple hole sizes first.

🎨 Software Unit Setup Guide

Configure units correctly in popular 3D modeling software to avoid the dreaded 25.4x scaling error.

Fusion 360

Change Document Units:

  1. File → Preferences → Default Units
  2. Default Design Units: Millimeters → Inches
  3. Decimal Rounding: 3 places → 4 places
  4. Click Apply → OK

Scale Existing Model:

  1. Modify → Scale
  2. Select all bodies
  3. Scale Factor: 0.0393701 (mm→in) or 25.4 (in→mm)
Blender

Scene Units Setup:

  1. Scene Properties (right panel)
  2. Units → Unit System: Metric → Imperial
  3. Length: Millimeters → Inches
  4. Unit Scale: Keep at 1.0

Quick Scale Conversion:

  1. Select all objects (A key)
  2. Press S (scale)
  3. Type 0.03937 (mm→in) or 25.4 (in→mm)
  4. Press Enter, then Ctrl+A → Apply Scale
Tinkercad (Easiest)

✅ Automatic Conversion:

  1. Click gear icon ⚙️ (top right)
  2. Units: Metric (mm) ⟷ Imperial (in)
  3. All existing objects convert automatically!

🖨️ Printer Bed Size Reference

Common 3D printer build volumes to check if your model will fit.

Printer ModelSize (mm)Size (inches)
Creality Ender 3220×220×250 mm8.66×8.66×9.84"
Prusa i3 MK3S+250×210×210 mm9.84×8.27×8.27"
Bambu Lab X1 Carbon256×256×256 mm10.08×10.08×10.08"
Creality CR-10300×300×400 mm11.81×11.81×15.75"
Creality CR-10 S5500×500×500 mm19.69×19.69×19.69"

💡 Tip: Always leave 10-20mm margin around edges for easier part removal and avoid edge warping.

🎯 RC Model & Miniature Scales

Common scale ratios for RC vehicles, military models, and miniatures.

ScaleReal (mm)Model (mm)Model (in)Common Use
1:6180030011.81"Large motorcycles/figures
1:8400050019.69"RC off-road cars
1:10450045017.72"Standard RC racing
1:1218001505.91"Motorcycle models
1:1845002509.84"Small RC cars
1:2448002007.87"Diecast car models
1:351000028611.26"Military models
1:644800752.95"Hot Wheels/Matchbox
1:87143516.50.65"HO model trains

📐 Common 3D Printing Component Sizes

Standard dimensions for frequently used components in 3D printed designs.

M3 screw hole
3 mm
0.118" (0.1180 inches)
M4 screw hole
4 mm
0.157" (0.1570 inches)
M5 screw hole
5 mm
0.197" (0.1970 inches)
2mm shaft
2 mm
0.079" (0.0790 inches)
3mm shaft
3 mm
0.118" (0.1180 inches)
5mm shaft
5 mm
0.197" (0.1970 inches)

Nozzle Sizes

0.2mm = 0.008" (fine detail)

0.4mm = 0.016" (standard)

0.6mm = 0.024" (fast prints)

0.8mm = 0.031" (large models)

Filament Diameter

1.75mm = 0.069" (most common)

2.85mm = 0.112" (also called "3mm")

🔬 FDM Printing Tolerances

Understand printing accuracy and design appropriate clearances for your parts.

FDM Accuracy

XY Axis:±0.1mm (±0.004")
Z Axis:±0.05mm (±0.002")

SLA/Resin Accuracy

XYZ Axis:±0.025mm (±0.001")
Min Detail:0.05mm (0.002")

Design Clearances (FDM)

Press fit:+0.0 to +0.1mm
Push fit:+0.1 to +0.2mm
Sliding:+0.2 to +0.3mm
Loose:+0.3 to +0.5mm

Material Shrinkage

PLA:0.3-0.5%
PETG:0.5-0.7%
ABS:0.7-1.2%

FAQ - 3D Printing Unit Conversion

Why is my STL file 25.4 times too large or too small?

This is a unit mismatch error. Your model was designed in inches but imported as millimeters (or vice versa). Since 1 inch = 25.4mm, the file appears 25.4× wrong. Solution: In your slicer (Cura/PrusaSlicer), scale the model by 3.937% (÷25.4) or 2540% (×25.4). Check screw holes: M3 should be 3mm, not 76mm or 0.12mm.

How do I fix Fusion 360 or Blender units before exporting STL?

Fusion 360: File → Preferences → Default Units, then choose mm or inches. For existing models, use Modify → Scale with factor 0.0393701 (mm→in) or 25.4 (in→mm).

Blender: Scene Properties → Units → set to Metric/Millimeters or Imperial/Inches. Keep Unit Scale at 1.0. When exporting STL, check "Scene Unit" option.

Why do I need to add 0.2mm to screw holes for 3D printing?

FDM printing has inherent tolerances. Plastic expands slightly when hot and contracts when cooling, plus layer adhesion causes slight inward bulging. For clearance holes, add +0.2mm (PLA) or +0.3mm (ABS). Example: M3 screw (3.0mm nominal) → design hole as 3.2mm for easy fit. Always print a test piece with 2.8mm, 3.0mm, 3.2mm holes to find your printer's sweet spot.

How accurate are FDM vs SLA/resin printers?

FDM (filament): ±0.1mm (±0.004") typical accuracy. Good for functional parts, tolerances need compensation.

SLA/Resin: ±0.025mm (±0.001") accuracy, 4× more precise. Excellent for miniatures, jewelry, dental models. Minimum feature size: 0.05mm vs 0.4mm for FDM.

Can I use this calculator for Thingiverse models?

Yes! Use the Scale Calculator above. If a Thingiverse model is 100mm but you need 3.5 inches (88.9mm), enter Original: 100mm, Target: 3.5in, then apply the scale factor (88.9%) in your slicer. Many Thingiverse models have unit errors—check comments for phrases like "scale to 25.4×" or "too small/large."

What's the minimum wall thickness for FDM printing?

For 0.4mm nozzle: minimum 0.8mm (2 perimeters). Recommended: 1.2mm (3 perimeters) for structural strength, 2.0mm for durable parts. Wall thickness should be a multiple of nozzle diameter. For 0.6mm nozzle: 1.2mm, 1.8mm, 2.4mm. SLA/resin can go down to 0.4mm for decorative parts.

Quick Reference Card

Standard Conversion
1 inch = 25.4 mm (exact)
M3 Clearance Hole
3.2 mm = 0.126 in
0.4mm Nozzle
0.016 in (most common)
FDM Tolerance
±0.1 mm = ±0.004 in
PLA Shrinkage
0.3-0.5% (add to holes)
1.75mm Filament
0.069 in (standard)